Table 3 Quality appraisal details of studies for Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT)
Author and year | Study Method | Methodological quality criteria questions in MMAT for relevant research method (X)* X = 1. Qualitative 4. Quantitative 5. Mixed method research | Comments | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X.1 | X.2 | X.3 | X.4 | X.5 | |||
Bryant et al., 2021[25] | Mixed method | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | The inadequate reporting of details to determine the criteria of methods involved |
Claringbold, 2023 [26] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Elwy, 2014 [18] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Etchegaray, 2014, [27] | Qualitative research | Yes | No | Can’t tell | Can’t tell | Can’t tell | The second phase of the study included a conference with key stakeholders. A more systematic approach to gain expert consensus such as a Delphi panel would have been more appropriate |
Formanek, 2008, [28] | Case report | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | The inherent limitations of generalisability of a case study |
Gallagher, 2009, [29] | Case report | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | The inherent limitations of generalisability of a case study |
Hagensen, 2018, [30] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Hannawa, 2019 [31] | Mix method research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | The inconsistencies and divergences were not sufficiently explicit in the article |
Iedema, 2012 [32] | Case Study | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | The inherent limitations of generalisability of a case study |
Iedema et al., 2011[19] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Can’t tell | Insufficient use of quotes to support the justification for overarching concerns themes and how these were derived |
Iedema et al., 2011 [33] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Iedema et al., 2008, [34] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Iedema et al., 2008 [20] | Qualitative research | Can’t tell | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | The approach for a qualitative approach not sufficiently justified |
Kim 2021, [35] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Kooienga 2011 [23] | Qualitative research | Can’t tell | Can’t tell | Yes | No | Yes | There was uncertainty because only the qualitative component of a mixed-method study was reported |
Lyu 2017 [36] | Qualitative research | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Research efforts have centred on how best to disclose errors, with only qualitative methods used to explore patients' desires |
Maguire, 2016 [38] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Mahmudah, 2022 [39] | Quantitative research | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Can’t tell | Yes | Challenging to interpret the extent of OD experience only with quantitative outputs and limited generalisability caused by differences in the research method, participants, scope, and indicators of previous studies |
Mazor, 2013 [40] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Moore, 2017 [24] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Moore, 2017 [37] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Okamoto, 2011 [41] | Quantitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Piper, 2014 [21] | Qualitative study | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Sheridan, 2008 [42] | Case Series | No | Can’t tell | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inherent limitations of case studies |
Sorensen, 2010 [22] | Qualitative research | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |
Walton, 2019 [7] | Mix method research | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes, for Quantitative No for Qualitative | The inadequate reporting of the purpose is to examine the same phenomenon in in mixed method research |