Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
From: Interpretable machine learning models for prolonged Emergency Department wait time prediction
Comparisons of all variables by Wait-time among Emergency Department Visits Triaged as ESI-3 Level | |||
|---|---|---|---|
30min or less Wait Time | Wait time more than 30min | P value | |
Number of patient visits | 92,033 (51.80) | 85,632 (48.20%) | |
Wait time --- min | |||
Median (IQR) | 5 [3–14] | 95 [55–161] | <0.001 |
Mean (SD) | 9 (8) | 124 (96) | <0.001 |
Age --- year | |||
Median (IQR) | 45 [31–57] | 42 [30–55] | <0.001 |
Mean (SD) | 45 (17) | 43 (15) | <0.001 |
Gender --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Male | 48,259 (56.27) | 37,501 (43.73) | |
Female | 43,774 (47.63) | 48,131 (52.37) | |
Marital status --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Single | 50,510 (53.41) | 44,060 (46.59) | |
Married | 21,915 (47.02) | 24,688 (52.98) | |
Others | 19,608 (53.73) | 16,884 (46.27) | |
Race and ethnicity --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
NHW | 30,437 (56.46) | 23,471 (43.54) | |
NHB | 31,280 (53.57) | 27,115 (46.43) | |
Hispanic/Latino | 26,258 (46.39) | 30,347 (53.61) | |
NHA | 1,263 (45.42) | 1,518 (54.58) | |
Others | 2,795 (46.77) | 3,181 (53.23) | |
Language --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
English | 79,052 (53.32) | 69,221 (46.68) | |
Spanish | 10,325 (44.28) | 12,995 (55.72) | |
Others | 2,626 (43.74) | 3,416 (56.26) | |
Insurance --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
No | 32,548 (47.77) | 35,585 (52.23) | |
Yes | 59,485 (54.31) | 50,047 (45.69) | |
Primary care physician --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Assigned | 35,072 (49.12) | 36,332 (50.88) | |
Not assigned | 56,961 (53.60) | 49,300 (46.40) | |
Comorbid --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
No | 40,114 (51.05) | 38,460 (48.95) | |
One | 14,866 (50.15) | 14,778 (49.85) | |
Multimorbidity | 37,053 (53.35) | 32,394 (46.65) | |
Crowding status --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Not-crowded | 33,154 (79.33) | 8,639 (20.67) | |
Crowded | 36,190 (53.12) | 31,945 (46.88) | |
Overly-crowded | 22,689 (33.50) | 45,048 (66.50) | |
Mode of arrival --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Private car | 42,047 (39.48) | 64,444 (60.52) | |
Ambulance | 41,675 (83.02) | 8,526 (16.98) | |
Public transportation | 492 (36.26) | 865 (63.74) | |
Ambulatory | 7,819 (39.86) | 11,797 (60.14) | |
Clinical hours --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Within clinical hour | 45,044 (51.36) | 42,660 (48.64) | |
Out of clinical hour | 46,989 (52.23) | 42,972 (47.77) | |
Weekday vs. weekend --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Weekday | 63,922 (48.71) | 67,308 (51.29) | |
Weekend | 28,111 (60.54) | 18,324 (39.46) | |
Having High BP at Triage --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 51,686 (50.90) | 49,853 (49.10) | |
No | 40,347 (53.00) | 35,779 (47.00) | |
Having abnormal vital signs at triage (exclude high BP) --- n (%) | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 22,825 (57.61) | 16,796 (42.39) | |
No | 69,208 (50.13) | 68,836 (49.87) | |