Table 2 OLS and IV analysis of location type and total healthcare costs
Healthcare costs in the year after moving to nursing home | Log long-term care costs (excluding housing costs) | Log costs of hospital and primary care (health insurance act) | Log total healthcare costs (excluding housing costs) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OLS | IV | OLS | IV | OLS | IV | |
Intercept | − 1.857* (0.112) | − 1.782* (0.170) | 1.303* (0.138) | 1.619* (0.299) | − 0.979* (0.500) | − 1.002 (0.779) |
Location type (0 = institutional; 1 = SHNH) | − 0.280* (0.053) | 2.448 (3.739) | 1.749* (0.059) | 7.267 (4.564) | − 0.149* (0.489) | 2.051 (3.370) |
Sex (0 = male; 1 = female) | 0.077* (0.021) | 0.050 (0.044) | − 0.071* (0.023) | − 0.128* (0.054) | 0.053* (0.019) | 0.031 (0.039) |
Age (year move to NH) in years | 0.004* (0.001) | 0.004* (0.002) | − 0.010* (0.001) | − 0.011* (0.002) | − 0.002 (0.001) | − 0.002 (0.001) |
Income (year move to NH) in € | 0.001* (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.001* (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) |
Length of stay in the year after admission (days) | 0.025* (0.001) | 0.025* (0.001) | 0.005* (0.001) | 0.005* (0.001) | 0.024* (0.001) | 0.024* (0.001) |
Case severity (ZZP) 5 (year move to NH, ref = ZZP 4) | − 0.127* (0.030) | − 0.121* (0.031) | − 1.931* (0.033) | − 2.016* (0.079) | 0.065* (0.027) | 0.060* (0.027) |
Case severity (ZZP) 6 (year move to NH, ref = ZZP 4) | − 0.149* (0.034) | − 0.084 (0.096) | − 1.043* (0.037) | − 0.984* (0.063) | 0.070* (0.031) | 0.115 (0.075) |
Case severity (ZZP) 7 (year move to NH, ref = ZZP 4) | − 0.214* (0.051) | − 0.145 (0.111) | − 1.960* (0.058) | − 1.944* (0.062) | − 0.034 (0.047) | 0.014 (0.090) |
Case severity (ZZP) 8 (year move to NH, ref = ZZP 4) | 0.091 (0.090) | 0.167 (0.145) | − 1.252* (0.100) | − 1.170* (0.132) | 0.219* (0.083) | 0.275* (0.122) |
Costs in year 2016 (0 = no; 1 = yes) | − 0.008 (0.022) | 0.001 (0.025) | − 0.192* (0.065) | − 0,257* (0.076) | − 0.594 (0.491) | − 0.506 (0.787) |
Costs in year 2017 (0 = no; 1 = yes) | 1.369* (0.025) | 1.294* (0.107) | 2.799* (0.031) | 2,716* (0.075) | 1.815* (0.026) | 1.767* (0.082) |
Costs in year 2018 (0 = no; 1 = yes) | 2.200* (0.026) | 2.168* (0.056) | 3.339* (0.025) | 3.134* (0.172) | 2.388* (0.025) | 2.368* (0.048) |
Postestimation tests | ||||||
 Weak instruments (F-statistic) |  | 19.787* |  | 17.950* |  | 19.101* |
 Wu-Hausman |  | 0.547 |  | 1.575 |  | 0.436 |