Economic outcomes of diabetes self-management education among older Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes

Table 2 Effect of diabetes self-management education on economic outcome variables after adjusting for covariates

Economic outcome variables^a	Estimate^b	95% CI
Total medical costs	− 0.179	− 0.255	− 0.102
Total diabetes-related medical costs	− 0.075	− 0.165	0.015
Total prescription costs	− 0.137	− 0.208	− 0.066
Total anti-diabetic prescription costs	− 0.108	− 0.217	0.001

^aFor cost calculation, we applied the exponential transformation of the cost coefficient derived from the generalized linear model. The percentage change was calculated using the formula: $\mathrm{Percentage}\;\mathrm{Change}=\:1-\:\mathrm e^{\mathrm{Coefficient}}$
^bActual cost change for total medical costs, total diabetes-related medical costs, total prescription costs, and total anti-diabetic prescription costs were $3,289.67, $86.19, $564.29, and $76.40, respectively

ISSN: 1472-6963