Table 1 Clinical characteristics

Patients

30,193,278

656,456

311,309

Age

 Children < 18 years old

8,584,984 (28.4)

170,143 (25.9)

91,097 (29.3)

0.9896

 Adults 18–64

18,250,848 (60.7)

408,023 (62.2)

181,614 (58.5)

 Older Adults 65+

3,278,358 (10.9)

75,950 (11.9)

38,012 (12.2)

Sex

 Female

17,314,000 (57.3)

373,767 (56.9)

174,458 (56.0)

0.9865

 Male

12,879,278 (42.7)

282,779 (43.1)

136,851 (44.0)

Race/Ethnicity

 White non-Hispanic

17,409,098 (57.7)

380,534 (58.0)

196,142 (63.0)

0.0075^*

 Black non-Hispanic

5,428,337 (18.0)

171,588 (26.1)

59,548 (19.1)

 Hispanic/Latino

6,309,905 (20.9)

33,391 (5.1)

20,661 (6.6)

 Asian

1,045,938 (3.5)

8,428 (1.3)

3,464 (1.1)

Income status

 100% of poverty level

13,379,543 (44.3)

282,062 (39.3)

124,681 (40.1)

< 0.001^*

 200% of poverty level

2,083,021 (6.9)

55,290 (8.4)

28,793 (10.7)

< 0.001^*

Insurance type

 Medicaid/CHIP

14,465,291 (48.0)

338,790 (51.6)

156,916 (50.4)

0.4481

 Medicare

3,211,698 (10.6)

95,563 (14.6)

46,260 (15.0)

 Other third party

6,131,304 (20.5)

149,959 (23.0)

74,392 (23.9)

 Uninsured

6,136,642 (20.9)

70,891 (10.8)

33,461 (10.7)

No. of CHCs

1,370

40

15

Setting

 Rural

574 (42.0)

14 (35.0)

8 (53.3)

0.0349^*

 Urban

796 (58.0)

26 (65.0)

7 (46.7)

Practice size mean, sd (range)

 No. of patients

21,991 ± 27,153 (131–247,428)

16,592 ± 13,013 (1,763 − 54,383)

20,754 ± 13,961 (1,763 − 54,383)

< 0.001^*

 Annual expenditures

26,797,698 ± 39,836,466 (898,037–772,495,904)

19,269,587 ± 15,699,587 (3,140,160 − 73,746,994)

25,709,699 ± 17,692,745 (3,402,781 − 73,746,994)

< 0.001^*

 Per patient costs

1,398 ± 1,423 (144 − 39,739)

1,283 ± 607 (551-3,701)

1,306 ± 244 (836-1,930)

< 0.001^*