Table 3 Distribution of pediatric residents’ SPARUM* scores by independent variables

Sociodemographic Variables

 Gender

  Woman

3.60 ± 0.30

0.629^a

  Male

3.62 ± 0.33

 Age

  24–28 years old

3.57 ± 0.32

0.094^a

  29–36 years old

3.64 ± 0.28

 Institution

  Dokuz Eylul University

3.57 ± 0.30

0.378^c

  Ege University

3.64 ± 0.34

  Tepecik Training Research Hospital

3.59 ± 0.27

 Total years of work

  3 years or less

3.57 ± 0.32

0.176^a

  Over 3 years

3.64 ± 0.28

 Duration of residency training

  2 years or less

3.57 ± 0.33

0.127^a

  Over 2 years

3.64 ± 0.27

Prescribing practices

 Percentage of injected preparation

  13.4 under

3.60 ± 0.31

0.945^d

  13.4–24.1

3.62 ± 0.25

  Over 24.1

3.58 ± 0.34

 Number of medicines per prescription

  3 and below

3.62 ± 0.30

0.029^a

  4 and above

3.43 ± 0.37

 Adverse effect reporting

  Yes

3.67 ± 0.30

0.005^a

  No.

3.55 ± 0.30

 The most frequently prescribed medicine group

  Antibiotics

3.73 ± 0.38

0.307^b

  Other

3.59 ± 0.22

RUM related education and information sources

 Pharmacology books

  Yes

3.56 ± 0.24

0.547^b

  No

3.61 ± 0.31

 Medicine information soft ware programs

  Yes

3.67 ± 0.31

0.119^a

  No

3.58 ± 0.30

 Pharmaceutical promotional resources

  Yes

3.41 ± 027

0.012^b

  No.

3.61 ± 0.30

 Peer- reviewed literature

  Yes

3.70 ± 0.27

0.001^a*

  No

3.55 ± 0.31

 Mobile phone / internet application

  Yes

3.58 ± 0.30

0.023^a

  No.

3.72 ± 0.29

 Following the studies of the Ministry of Health

  Yes

3.64 ± 0.30

0.004^a

  No

3.59 ± 0.31

 Self-perceived knowledge levels regarding RUM

  Veryadequate, adequate

3.70 ± 0.31

0.008^a

  Undecided, insufficient, very insufficient

3.57 ± 0.30

 Receiving RUM education before graduation

  Yes

3.61 ± 0.34

0.330^a

  No

3.55 ± 0.30

 Receiving RUM education after graduation

  Yes

3.64 ± 0.30

0.151^a

  No

3.57 ± 0.30